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Content Tagged "2022-progress-sci-highlight"

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November 18, 2021

Marine Microbe Contains Multitudes

Boeuf and colleagues collected samples of SAR324 microbial communities from this research vessel, the Kilo Moana. (School of Ocean And Earth Science And Technology at University of Hawaii at Manoa)A deep dive into microbial genomics reveals one bacterial species is made of four ecologically distinct groups with different lifestyles. [Read More]

October 26, 2021

The Case for Conservation

Female (left) and male (right) Ceratodon purpureus plants. Females typically grow larger than males in several traits, like the length of leaves. Males often turn red when developing antheridiophores, which in mosses are the structures that produce sperm (seen in the bottom right. (Sarah Carey)High-quality reference genome sequences of the male and female fire moss plants are now available, and lessons from their sex chromosomes could help improve crop yields. [Read More]

September 22, 2021

Plotting a Model for Virus-Host Warfare Deep Below Ground

Image of biofilm with both Altiarchaea (blue) and viruses (red). (Victoria Turzynksi and Lea Griesdorn)Researchers describe how viruses repeatedly attempt to infect and destroy their hosts – and how the microbes resist. [Read More]

September 16, 2021

Climate Change Threatens Base of Polar Oceans’ Bountiful Food Webs

Scientists sample a brown mat of aggregated phytoplankton. (Katrin Schmidt)A study suggests climate change is behind a trend that could destabilize the delicate marine food web. [Read More]

August 27, 2021

Boosting Small Molecule Production in Super “Soup”

Yeast strains engineered for the biochemical conversion of glucose to value-added products are limited in chemical output due to growth and viability constraints. Cell extracts provide an alternative format for chemical synthesis in the absence of cell growth by isolating the soluble components of lysed cells. By separating the production of enzymes (during growth) and the biochemical production process (in cell-free reactions), this framework enables biosynthesis of diverse chemical products at volumetric productivities greater than the source strains. (Blake Rasor)Researchers describe a two-pronged approach that starts with engineered yeast cells but then moves out of the cell structure into a cell-free system. [Read More]

August 2, 2021

Designer DNA: JGI Helps Users Blaze New Biosynthetic Pathways

(PXFuel)A special issue of Synthetic Biology celebrates research enabled by the JGI DNA Synthesis Science Program. [Read More]

June 25, 2021

A Natural Mechanism Can Turbocharge Viral Evolution

Virus tail fibers – signified in the cartoon by the blue virus’ downward pointing ‘arms’— don't allow the virus to attach to a purple tinted cell type.A genetic element that enables rapid, targeted mutation is surprisingly widespread and appears to allow viruses to hunt new microbial prey. [Read More]

June 3, 2021

Refining the Process of Identifying Algae Biotechnology Candidates

Algae growing in a bioreactor. (Dennis Schroeder, NREL)A collaborative approach highlights how a screening and characterization pipeline could help accelerate algae biotechnology research efforts. [Read More]

May 20, 2021

Olpidium, The Key to the Origin of Terrestrial Fungi

From Sekimoto et al., 2011: Olpidium bornovanus, a unicellular fungus, is an obligate parasite of plants that reproduces with flagellated, swimming zoospores. A-B. Vegetative unicellular thalli in cucumber root cells. Thalli differentiate into sporangia with zoospores, or into resting spores. C. An empty sporangium, after zoospore release. D. A thick-walled resting spore. E. Zoospores being released from a sporangium, showing the sporangium exit tube (arrowheads). F. A swimming zoospore with a single posterior flagellum. G. An encysted zoospore. Bars: A-E = 10 μm; F,G = 5 μm. (Figures are from Sekimoto et. al., 2011 used under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License.)In this guest blog: a behind-the-paper look at the fungus Olpidium, a link in the evolution and transition of fungi from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. [Read More]

April 30, 2021

Bacteria and Fungi Divvy Up the Work in Forest Floor

The study site in the coniferous forest located in the Bohemian Forest National Park, Czech Republic. (Petr Baldrian)While thousands of species of fungi and bacteria dwell on — and within — the forest floor, who’s recycling the plant biomass? [Read More]
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