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UI on cow rumen metagenome study in EurekAlert

“The problem with second-generation biofuels is the problem of unlocking the soluble fermentable sugars that are in the plant cell wall,” said University of Illinois animal sciences professor Roderick Mackie, an author on the study whose research into the microbial life of the bovine rumen set the stage for the new approach. “The cow’s been… [Read More]

Cow rumen metagenome study on Reuters

In this case, the goal was to find microbes that make enzymes that can efficiently break down the toughest fibers in switchgrass, a tough crop that can be used to produce ethanol and which can grow in places where food crops do not grow well. But switchgrass is very tough to break down. Read more… [Read More]

Cow rumen metagenome study on MSNBC.com

“Cellulosic ethanol” would use non-food plants such as switchgrass, which is one of the most promising bioenergy crops. But, while advances have been made, it’s still not economically viable.The researchers didn’t come up with the magic mix of enzymes that will most efficiently break down switchgrass and other non-food plants. But they — and the… [Read More]

Cow rumen metagenome study in Scientific American

“If the industry is going to move forward, it’s going to need new enzymes,” says Eddy Rubin, the director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Joint Genome Institute. Rubin and 16 colleagues report in the January 28 issue of Science how they discovered nearly 30,000 new enzyme candidates by analyzing DNA collected from a cow’s… [Read More]

Cow rumen metagenome study on EurekAlert

“Microbes have evolved over millions of years to efficiently degrade recalcitrant biomass,” said Eddy Rubin, Director of the JGI and a lead on this study. “Communities of these organisms can be found in diverse ecosystems, such as in the rumen of cows, the guts of termites, in compost piles, as well as covering the forest… [Read More]

Cow rumen metagenome study in This Week in Science

Identification of additional enzymes that can degrade cellulose efficiently should help in the development of biofuels on an industrial scale. Uncultured microorganisms living in cow rumen are highly effective at degrading plant cell walls. Hess et al. used metagenomics and single-genome sequencing to assemble draft genomes from microbes adhering to rumen-incubated switchgrass to identify nearly… [Read More]

JGI Highlight: More Caldicellulosiruptor bacterial genome sequences

The Caldocellulosiruptor genus contain bacteria that are capable of producing hydrogen and degrading plant biomass. Found all over the world, such as in geothermal hot springs in Russia and Iceland to solar-heated mud flats in California, the bacteria thrive in high temperatures. C. saccharolyticus (Image courtesy of A. Pereira & M. Verhaart, Wageningen University, Netherlands)… [Read More]

“The Future of Fuel” talk in the Contra Costa Times

The discussion is designed to inform the public about cutting-edge biofuels research under way in the Bay Area and to bolster understanding of the technology, which has legions of supporters and critics. “It’s good for us to understand, through questions and answers, where the community is,” said Jim Bristow, deputy director of JGI, which is… [Read More]

Chlorella project on ScienceDaily

Microalgae are prime targets for research on biofuels. Leading candidates as alternative sources of biodiesel, their culture has the unquestionable advantage, compared to oleaginous land plants, of not competing with cultivated land necessary for human food. Producing fuel from water, sunlight and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere appears as a miracle solution that has fostered… [Read More]

Spanish fungal pipeline project part of CSP 2011 portfolio

The project being coordinated by Mr Pisabarro focuses on a dozen fungi and has a very concrete objective: “We know what genes there are in each fungus, but we do not know how they use them. We asked ourselves how the various fungi employed the arms they have in order to degrade wood and we… [Read More]